~ Piano ---- Pianoforte ~

Name: 
Piano, pianoforte, klavier (German)


Family : 
Keyboard, based on the Sachs-Hornbostel System, the piano is a chordophone. 


How to play:
A piano is played by pressing the keys with the fingers of both hands. The standard piano of today has 88 keys, the three foot pedals also has specific functions. The pedal on the right is called a damper, stepping on this causes all the keys to vibrate or sustain. Stepping on the pedal in the middle causes only the keys currently pressed to vibrate. Stepping on the pedal on the left creates a muted sound; a single note is produced from 2 or three piano strings that are tuned in unison.


First know of pianos :
Bartolomeo Cristofori created the gravecembalo col piano e forte around 1709 in Florence. By 1726, changes in Cristofori's early invention became the basis of the modern piano. The piano became very popular in the mid-18th century and was used in  chamber music,  concerti, salon music and in song accompaniments. The upright piano was favored by 1860.


Famous pianists : 
Well-known pianists in history include:
-- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
-- Franz Liszt
-- Frederick Chopin 
-- Scott Joplin